【发布时间】:2012-10-08 07:29:38
【问题描述】:
我想获得设备IDFA。如何从 iOS 官方 API 获取这些信息?
【问题讨论】:
-
请注意,Apple 现在建议不要在没有广告的应用中访问 IDFA:github.com/mixpanel/mixpanel-iphone/issues/109
我想获得设备IDFA。如何从 iOS 官方 API 获取这些信息?
【问题讨论】:
首先:
#import <AdSupport/ASIdentifierManager.h>
如果您想将其作为 NSString 获取,请使用:
[[[ASIdentifierManager sharedManager] advertisingIdentifier] UUIDString]
所以您的代码可能如下所示:
NSString *idfaString = [[[ASIdentifierManager sharedManager] advertisingIdentifier] UUIDString];
【讨论】:
import AdSupport,然后ASIdentifierManager.sharedManager().advertisingIdentifier 获取 IDFA!
您首先必须检查用户是否决定退出广告跟踪。只有在他允许的情况下,您才能使用IDFA。
你可以通过调用ASIdentifierManager的isAdvertisingTrackingEnabled方法来查看。
isAdvertisingTrackingEnabled
在执行任何广告之前检查此属性的值 追踪。如果值为
NO,则仅将广告标识符用于 以下用途:频次上限、转化事件、 估计唯一用户的数量、安全性和欺诈检测, 和调试。
下面的代码sn -p展示了如何获取IDFA的字符串值。
@import AdSupport;
- (NSString *)identifierForAdvertising {
// Check whether advertising tracking is enabled
if([[ASIdentifierManager sharedManager] isAdvertisingTrackingEnabled]) {
NSUUID *identifier = [[ASIdentifierManager sharedManager] advertisingIdentifier];
return [identifier UUIDString];
}
// Get and return IDFA
return nil;
}
import AdSupport
func identifierForAdvertising() -> String? {
// Check whether advertising tracking is enabled
guard ASIdentifierManager.shared().isAdvertisingTrackingEnabled else {
return nil
}
// Get and return IDFA
return ASIdentifierManager.shared().advertisingIdentifier.uuidString
}
【讨论】:
IDFA - 广告标识符
isAdvertisingTrackingEnabled -> trackingAuthorizationStatus
从 iOS v14 Apple 弃用了isAdvertisingTrackingEnabled,并将逻辑移至AppTrackingTransparency Framework。现在用户必须获得阅读idfa的权限(与位置权限相同)
用户可以通过以下方式控制它:
#iOS 13
#AdSupport
#ASIdentifierManager.shared().isAdvertisingTrackingEnabled
Settings -> Privacy -> Advertising -> Limit Ad Tracking
#iOS 14
#AppTrackingTransparency
#ATTrackingManager.trackingAuthorizationStatus
#a global flag
Settings -> Privacy -> Tracking -> `Allow Apps to Request to Track`
#or select an app from list to control every app separately
#a local flag
Settings -> <app_name> -> Allow Tracking
实施
import AppTrackingTransparency
import AdSupport
func getIDFA() -> String? {
// Check whether advertising tracking is enabled
if #available(iOS 14, *) {
if ATTrackingManager.trackingAuthorizationStatus != ATTrackingManager.AuthorizationStatus.authorized {
return nil
}
} else {
if ASIdentifierManager.shared().isAdvertisingTrackingEnabled == false {
return nil
}
}
return ASIdentifierManager.shared().advertisingIdentifier.uuidString
}
【讨论】:
ASIdentifierManager 是从运行 iOS 6+ 的设备获取广告识别号的官方方式。您可以使用-[[ASIdentifierManager sharedManager] advertisingIdentifier]; 获取。
【讨论】:
在 Swift 中获取 IDFA:
import AdSupport
...
let myIDFA: String?
// Check if Advertising Tracking is Enabled
if ASIdentifierManager.sharedManager().advertisingTrackingEnabled {
// Set the IDFA
myIDFA = ASIdentifierManager.sharedManager().advertisingIdentifier.UUIDString
} else {
myIDFA = nil
}
【讨论】:
从 iOS 10 开始,当用户启用“限制广告跟踪”时,操作系统将发送带有新值“00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000”的广告标识符。
根据这篇文章:https://fpf.org/2016/08/02/ios-10-feature-stronger-limit-ad-tracking/
【讨论】:
这里有一个注释的 Swift 中的帮助类,如果用户关闭了广告跟踪,它将为您提供一个 nil 对象作为标识符:
import AdSupport
class IDFA {
// MARK: - Stored Type Properties
static let shared = IDFA()
// MARK: - Computed Instance Properties
/// Returns `true` if the user has turned off advertisement tracking, else `false`.
var limited: Bool {
return !ASIdentifierManager.shared().isAdvertisingTrackingEnabled
}
/// Returns the identifier if the user has turned advertisement tracking on, else `nil`.
var identifier: String? {
guard !limited else { return nil }
return ASIdentifierManager.shared().advertisingIdentifier.uuidString
}
}
只需将其添加到您的项目中(例如在名为IDFA.swift 的文件中)并通过“常规设置”选项卡中的“链接的框架和库”部分将AdSupport.framework 链接到您的目标中.
然后你可以像这样使用它:
if let identifier = IDFA.shared.identifier {
// use the identifier
} else {
// put any fallback logic in here
}
【讨论】:
Swift 3 和 4
var IDFA = String()
if ASIdentifierManager.shared().isAdvertisingTrackingEnabled {
IDFA = ASIdentifierManager.shared().advertisingIdentifier
}
【讨论】:
如果通过 iOS 设置禁用跟踪,获取 IDFA 或 nil 的更好方法是使用(私有)扩展:
import AdSupport
class YourClass {
func printIDFA() {
print(ASIdentifierManager.shared().advertisingIdentifierIfPresent)
}
}
private extension ASIdentifierManager {
/// IDFA or nil if ad tracking is disabled via iOS system settings
var advertisingIdentifierIfPresent: String? {
if isAdvertisingTrackingEnabled {
return advertisingIdentifier.uuidString
}
return nil
}
}
【讨论】:
请注意,在 iOS 14 中,ASIdentifierManager.shared().isAdvertisingTrackingEnabled 已弃用。请改用ATTrackingManager.trackingAuthorizationStatus == .authorized。
import AdSupport
import AppTrackingTransparency
extension ASIdentifierManager {
//NOTE: if the user has enabled Limit Ad Tracking, this IDFA will be all zeros on a physical device
static var identifierForAdvertising: String {
// Check whether advertising tracking is enabled
if #available(iOS 14, *) {
guard ATTrackingManager.trackingAuthorizationStatus == .authorized else {
return ""
}
} else {
guard ASIdentifierManager.shared().isAdvertisingTrackingEnabled else {
return ""
}
}
// Get and return IDFA
return ASIdentifierManager.shared().advertisingIdentifier.uuidString
}
}
【讨论】:
只是为了扩展 Amro 的 Swift 答案,下面是包装在方法中的类似代码:
import AdSupport
...
func provideIdentifierForAdvertisingIfAvailable() -> String? {
if ASIdentifierManager.sharedManager().advertisingTrackingEnabled {
return ASIdentifierManager.sharedManager().advertisingIdentifier?.UUIDString ?? nil
} else {
return nil
}
}
【讨论】:
Swift 5带封装:
import AdSupport
struct ID{
static var advertising: String? {
// Firstly, Check whether advertising tracking is enabled
guard ASIdentifierManager.shared().isAdvertisingTrackingEnabled else {
return nil
}
// Then, Get and return IDFA
return ASIdentifierManager.shared().advertisingIdentifier.uuidString
}
}
【讨论】: