如何确定一个数字属于哪个区间

Question

假设我有一辆正面视野（180 度）的汽车，我想将这 180 度分成几个间隔，例如 30 度。我有一组数字，我想决定该数字属于哪个区间。

我知道如何对其进行硬编码，但我如何将其自动化以创建一个基于间隔数执行此操作的算法。

例如，如果 180 度被 45 度分割，那么这些间隔将是 (0 - 45) - 索引 0, (45 - 90) - 索引 1, (90 - 135) - 索引 2, (135 - 180) - 索引 3 这意味着我将有一个大小为 4 的向量（每个间隔一个元素）

如果我有数字，例如 30 和 150，向量将如下所示：[1, 0, 0, 1]

我怎样才能做到这一点？

这是我尝试做的：

NUMBER_OF_SECTORS = 6
sector_thresholds = []

for i in range(NUMBER_OF_SECTORS+1):
    sector_thresholds.append(180/NUMBER_OF_SECTORS * i)
print(sector_thresholds)

list_of_states = []
state_vector = [0] * (NUMBER_OF_SECTORS + 1)
for i in range(1000):
    random_number = 360*random.random() # If the number is larger than 180 then it should be ignored
    for j in range(NUMBER_OF_SECTORS):
        if j == 0:
            pass
        if sector_thresholds[j-1] <= random_number <= sector_thresholds[j]:
            state_vector[j] = random.choice([1,2]) #This shows an assignment error
    print(state_vector)
    state_vector = []

我该如何解决这个问题？

非常感谢您的帮助

编辑：我尝试根据以下答案改进我的代码，如下所示：

for i in range(NUMBER_OF_SECTORS+1):
    sector_thresholds.append(180/NUMBER_OF_SECTORS * i)
print(sector_thresholds)

list_of_states = []
state_vector = [0] * (NUMBER_OF_SECTORS + 1)
for i in range(1000):
    random_number = 360*random.random()
    while i % NUMBER_OF_SECTORS: # make sure that the state vector gets cleared after the same amount of iteration as its length
        sector = int(np.floor(random_number /(180/NUMBER_OF_SECTORS)))
        print(f"sector is {sector}")
        if sector <= NUMBER_OF_SECTORS:
            state_vector[sector] = 1
    print(state_vector)
    state_vector = []

但我在state_vector[sector] = 1 list assignment index out of range 行中遇到错误我知道肯定会有一些“愚蠢”的错字但我找不到它，再次感谢您的帮助

Answer 1

对于相等的扇区，当角度为整数时，只需使用整数除法：

sector = angle // sectorsize

如果角度是浮动的，则为地板

sector = int(angle / sectorsize)

例子：

import random
NUMBER_OF_SECTORS = 6
sector_size = 180 / NUMBER_OF_SECTORS

state_vector = [0] * (NUMBER_OF_SECTORS + 1)
for i in range(10):
    random_number = 360*random.random()
    sector = int(random_number / sector_size)
    print(f"sector is {sector}")
    if sector <= NUMBER_OF_SECTORS:
        state_vector[sector] = 1
print(state_vector)

>sector is 5
 ...
>[0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1]