如何将 dict 打印为正确的格式？

Question

我之前使用course_rolls(records)将数据制作到下面的字典中：

{'EMT001': {2286560}, 'FMKT01': {2547053}, 'CSC001': {2955520, 2656583}, 'MGM001': {2928707, 2606735}, 'MTH002': {2786372}, 'FCOM03': {2762453, 2955520, 2564885, 2606735}, 'FMCM02': {2955520, 2928707, 2656583}, 'ENG001': {2571096, 2564885}, 'MKT001': {2571096, 2656583},'AWA001': {2286560}, 'ACC002': {2762453}, 'FMTH01': {2571096}, 'EMT003': {2762453, 2656583}, 'MEA001': {2564885, 2606735}, 'FPHY01': {2564885}, 'FBIO01': {2547053}, 'MTH001': {2286560}, 'ECO002': {2928707, 2786372}, 'FCHM01': {2286560}, 'FCOM01': {2786372}, 'ENG002': {2762453}}

记录变量包含：

[(('EMT001', 'Engineering Mathematics 1'), (2286560, 'Dayton', 'Archambault')), (('FMKT01', 'Marketing'), (2547053, 'Vladimir', 'Zemanek')), (('CSC001', 'Computer Programming'), (2656583, 'Ronny', 'Ridley')), (('MGM001', 'Fundamentals of Management'), (2928707, 'Susanne', 'Eastland')), (('MTH002', 'Mathematics 2'), (2786372, 'Danella', 'Crabe')), (('FCOM03', 'Introduction to Computing'), (2564885, 'Hpone', 'Ganadry')), (('FCOM03', 'Introduction to Computing'), (2762453, 'Phelia', 'Pottle')), (('FMCM02', 'Mass Communication II (Film Studies)'), (2656583, 'Ronny', 'Ridley')), (('ENG001', 'Foundations of Engineering'), (2564885, 'Hpone', 'Ganadry')), (('MKT001', 'Principles of Marketing'), (2571096, 'Shoshanna', 'Shupe')), (('AWA001', 'Engineering Writing Skills'), (2286560, 'Dayton', 'Archambault')), (('FCOM03', 'Introduction to Computing'), (2606735, 'Aaren', 'Enns')), (('ACC002', 'Financial Accounting'), (2762453, 'Phelia', 'Pottle')), (('FMTH01', 'Advanced Mathematics I'), (2571096, 'Shoshanna', 'Shupe')), (('FCOM03', 'Introduction to Computing'), (2955520, 'Bjorn', 'Kakou')), (('EMT003', 'Mathematical Modelling and Computation'), (2762453, 'Phelia', 'Pottle')), (('MEA001', 'Mixed English Programme'), (2564885, 'Hpone', 'Ganadry')), (('MGM001', 'Fundamentals of Management'), (2606735, 'Aaren', 'Enns')), (('MEA001', 'Mixed English Programme'), (2606735, 'Aaren', 'Enns')), (('FPHY01', 'Physics'), (2564885, 'Hpone', 'Ganadry')), (('FBIO01', 'Introduction to Biology'), (2547053, 'Vladimir', 'Zemanek')), (('ENG001', 'Foundations of Engineering'), (2571096, 'Shoshanna', 'Shupe')), (('MKT001', 'Principles of Marketing'), (2656583, 'Ronny', 'Ridley')), (('MTH001', 'Mathematics 1'), (2286560, 'Dayton', 'Archambault')), (('ECO002', 'Introduction to Macroeconomics'), (2786372, 'Danella', 'Crabe')), (('FCHM01', 'Chemistry'), (2286560, 'Dayton', 'Archambault')), (('FCOM01', 'Communication Skills II'), (2786372, 'Danella', 'Crabe')), (('FMCM02', 'Mass Communication II (Film Studies)'), (2928707, 'Susanne', 'Eastland')), (('CSC001', 'Computer Programming'), (2955520, 'Bjorn', 'Kakou')), (('ENG002', 'Engineering Mechanics and Materials'), (2762453, 'Phelia', 'Pottle')), (('EMT003', 'Mathematical Modelling and Computation'), (2656583, 'Ronny', 'Ridley')), (('FMCM02', 'Mass Communication II (Film Studies)'), (2955520, 'Bjorn', 'Kakou')), (('ECO002', 'Introduction to Macroeconomics'), (2928707, 'Susanne', 'Eastland'))]

程序输入为：crashes CSC001

预期输出（命令：冲突 CSC001）：

Clashes with CSC001:
In CSC001 and EMT003
  2656583: 

In CSC001 and FCOM03
  2955520: 

In CSC001 and FMCM02
  2656583: 
  2955520: 

In CSC001 and MKT001
  2656583: 

我得到的结果（命令：冲突 CSC001）：

Clashes with CSC001:
In CSC001 and FCOM03  
  2955520: 

In CSC001 and FMCM02  
  2955520: 

In CSC001 and EMT003  
  2656583: 

In CSC001 and FMCM02  
  2656583: 

In CSC001 and MKT001  
  2656583: 

程序代码：（冲突功能需要修复）

def parse_course_code(commands, records):
    if commands in course_rolls(records).keys():
        print('Clashes with {}:'.format(commands))
        return clashes(commands, records)
    else:
        print("Unknown course code")


def clashes(course_code, records):
    unformatted_course_rolls = course_rolls(records)
    for course, prior_student_number in sorted(unformatted_course_rolls.items()):
        for prior_student_number_single in list(prior_student_number):
            if course_code == course:
                for code, student_number in sorted(unformatted_course_rolls.items()):
                    for num in list(student_number):
                        if prior_student_number_single == num and course != code:
                            print("In {} and {}  ".format(course, code))
                            print("  {}: \n".format(num))

def main():
    while True:
        command = input('Command: ')
        if command == 'quit':
            print('Adios')
            break
        else:
            parse_course_code(commands, records)
main()

Answer 1

您提供的代码非常难以理解。您应该尝试使用较少的 for 循环 - 它使代码更难阅读，并且执行时间更长（如果您正在执行更大规模的操作）。看看下面我的解决方案，它会按照您的预期打印结果，并且更容易阅读和理解。

这是重构后的代码（注意，由于您没有提供course_roll 函数，因此我将course_roll(records) 更改为变量course_rolls_records，因此我可以在本地运行它。）：

def parse_course_code(commands):
    if commands in course_rolls_records.keys():
        print('Clashes with {}:'.format(commands))
        return clashes(commands)
    else:
        print("Unknown course code")


def clashes(course_code):
    numbers_in_course = course_rolls_records[course_code]
    collisions = {}
    for course_check in course_rolls_records.keys():
        numbers_in_course_check = course_rolls_records[course_check]
        if course_check == course_code:
            # This is the course we are querying, we don't need to do anything
            pass
        elif numbers_in_course_check.intersection(numbers_in_course):
            # We enter here if there are common student numbers between courses
            # Note: if there is no intersection, bool of empty set is False
            collisions[course_check] = list(numbers_in_course_check.intersection(numbers_in_course))
            print("In {} and {}  ".format(course_code, course_check))
            for num in collisions[course_check]:
                print("  {}: ".format(num))
            print('\n')

def main():
    while True:
        command = input('Command: ')
        if command == 'quit':
            print('Adios')
            break
        else:
            parse_course_code(command)

main()