您不能（阅读可能不应该）为此使用正则表达式。如果括号包含另一对或一对不匹配怎么办？
好消息是您可以轻松地为此构建一个标记器/解析器。
我们的想法是跟踪您当前的状态并采取相应的行动。
这是我刚刚在这里编写的解析器的草图，重点是向您展示总体思路。如果您对此有任何概念性问题，请告诉我。
它工作 demo here 但我请求你在理解和修补它之前不要在生产中使用它。
工作原理
那么，我们如何构建解析器：
var State = { // remember which state the parser is at.
BeforeRecord:0, // at the (
DuringInts:1, // at one of the integers
DuringString:2, // reading the name string
AfterRecord:3 // after the )
};
我们需要跟踪输出和当前工作对象，因为我们将一次解析这些。
var records = []; // to contain the results
var state = State.BeforeRecord;
现在，我们迭代字符串，在其中继续前进并读取下一个字符
for(var i = 0;i < input.length; i++){
if(state === State.BeforeRecord){
// handle logic when in (
}
...
if(state === State.AfterRecord){
// handle that state
}
}
现在，剩下的就是在每个状态下将其消耗到对象中：
- 如果它位于
(，我们将开始解析并跳过所有空格
- 读取所有整数并丢弃
,
- 在四个整数之后，将字符串从
' 读取到下一个' 直到它的末尾
- 在字符串之后，一直读到
)，存储对象，重新开始循环。
实现起来也不是很困难。
解析器
var State = { // keep track of the state
BeforeRecord:0,
DuringInts:1,
DuringString:2,
AfterRecord:3
};
var records = []; // to contain the results
var state = State.BeforeRecord;
var input = " (1, 3, 2, 1, 'John (Finances)'), (2, 7, 2, 1, 'Mary Jane'), (3, 7, 3, 2, 'Gerald (Janitor), Broflowski')," // sample input
var workingRecord = {}; // what we're reading into.
for(var i = 0;i < input.length; i++){
var token = input[i]; // read the current input
if(state === State.BeforeRecord){ // before reading a record
if(token === ' ') continue; // ignore whitespaces between records
if(token === '('){ state = State.DuringInts; continue; }
throw new Error("Expected ( before new record");
}
if(state === State.DuringInts){
if(token === ' ') continue; // ignore whitespace
for(var j = 0; j < 4; j++){
if(token === ' ') {token = input[++i]; j--; continue;} // ignore whitespace
var curNum = '';
while(token != ","){
if(!/[0-9]/.test(token)) throw new Error("Expected number, got " + token);
curNum += token;
token = input[++i]; // get the next token
}
workingRecord[j] = Number(curNum); // set the data on the record
token = input[++i]; // remove the comma
}
state = State.DuringString;
continue; // progress the loop
}
if(state === State.DuringString){
if(token === ' ') continue; // skip whitespace
if(token === "'"){
var str = "";
token = input[++i];
var lenGuard = 1000;
while(token !== "'"){
str+=token;
if(lenGuard-- === 0) throw new Error("Error, string length bounded by 1000");
token = input[++i];
}
workingRecord.str = str;
token = input[++i]; // remove )
state = State.AfterRecord;
continue;
}
}
if(state === State.AfterRecord){
if(token === ' ') continue; // ignore whitespace
if(token === ',') { // got the "," between records
state = State.BeforeRecord;
records.push(workingRecord);
workingRecord = {}; // new record;
continue;
}
throw new Error("Invalid token found " + token);
}
}
console.log(records); // logs [Object, Object, Object]
// each object has four numbers and a string, for example
// records[0][0] is 1, records[0][1] is 3 and so on,
// records[0].str is "John (Finances)"