更新表并插入缺失的记录

Question

我有一个带有一些 NULL 记录的外键列的表。我可以选择缺少列的记录，例如：

SELECT * FROM Outgoing WHERE Receipt_Id IS NULL

现在，对于每条记录，我想在表Receipts 中插入一条新记录，获取插入记录的Id 并将其设置为该记录中Receipt_Id 的值。

这可能在查询中吗？

Answer 1

您似乎正在寻找inserted 表

INSERT INTO Receipts (col1, col2....)
OUTPUT INSERTED.*
INTO @CreatedIds -- TEMP TABLE WHICH HOLDS RECENTLY INERTED DATA INCLUDING Receipt_Id (pk)
SELECT col1, col2.... 
FROM Outgoing 
WHERE Receipt_Id IS NULL

到，查看最近插入的记录

SELECT c.*
FROM @CreatedIds c -- Note this is a table variable that you need to manual create.

Answer 2

更新：因为您仅将 Receipt 表用作序列表。您应该遵循使用序列的更新方法

更新答案：

您需要做的就是创建一个序列，比如 Receipts，而不是一个包含一列的表。然后用序列号更新 Outgoing 表。

   --create table Outgoing ( id int Primary Key IDENTITY(1,1),data nvarchar(100), record_id int);
--insert into Outgoing values ('john',NULL),('jane',NULL),('jean',NULL);

create sequence dbo.receipts as int start with 1 increment by 1;

update Outgoing
set record_id= NEXT VALUE FOR dbo.receipts
where record_id is null

select * from Outgoing

See working demo

下面的旧答案

如果您在两个表中都有ID 列，您可以根据此列将Receipt_Id 更新回Outgoing 表中

所以你的步骤是： 1. 插入记录

DECLARE @LastRID bigint 
SELECT @LastRID= MAX(Id) FROM Receipts
INSERT INTO Receipts(<col list>)
SELECT <col list> FROM Outgoing WHERE Receipt_Id IS NULL

使用 CHECKSUM 函数根据从 Outgoing 插入到收据的所有列的唯一性更新记录

update O
set O.Receipt_Id=R.Id
From Outgoing  O
Join Receipts R 
on CHECKSUM(o.<col list>)=CHECKSUM(R.<col list>)
and R.Id>@LastRID